Abstract
Several nongeosynchronous satellite constellation networks providing
broad-band access to end-users are currently under development. The use of
multigigabit laser intersatellite links (ISLs) is the enabling factor for
routing traffic through the space segment and creating a global space-based
optical backbone network. Optical networking techniques based on wavelength
division multiplexing (WDM) ISLs and wavelength routing can allow by-pass of
the transit traffic significantly simplifying routing decisions and minimizing
processing delays. The paper examines the characteristics of these networks
and investigates the applicability of various optical networking schemes based
on single hop and multihop approaches. Single hop can be adopted in medium
earth orbit (MEO) systems consisting of 10 to 15 satellites whereas double-hop
schemes based on the Matrix lightpath allocation approach are suited for
constellations up to 100 satellites, covering the requirements of most of the
proposed low earth orbit (LEO) systems. Multihop will be required for some of
the very large in number of satellites constellations. Statistical
multiplexing of the transported traffic over the ISLs appears to be a
necessary condition to achieve an efficient utilization of the satellite
resources. Traffic routing has to take into account the impact of the varying
range of the interorbit ISLs on the propagation delays. Although maximum
leverage of the technologies developed for fiber optic WDM networks should be
made, the technologies to be employed on board the satellites have to be
space-qualified that may limit the applicability of some otherwise
high-efficiency components.
© 2000 IEEE
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