Abstract
Fiber optic sensors have applications in the measurement of a wide range
of physical properties such as temperature, pressure, and refractive index.
These sensors are immune to electromagnetic interference, made of high temperature
dielectric materials and hence can be deployed in harsh environments where
conventional electronics would fail. Photonic crystal (PC) fiber tip sensors
are highly sensitive to changes in the refractive index and temperature while
remaining compact and robust. In comparison to conventional fiber sensors
such as fiber Bragg gratings (FBG) or long period fiber gratings (LPFG), they
are attractive in several aspects. PC fiber tip sensors have better sensitivity
to refractive index and temperature than FBG sensors and are have much smaller
sensing volumes than FBGs and LPFGs. Their small size allows them to combine
high sensitivity and structural robustness. The most attractive feature may
be that PC fiber tip sensors also return a spectrally rich signal with independently
shifting resonances that can be used to extract multiple physical properties
of the measurand and distinguish between them. In this paper, we show that
the PC fiber tip sensor is highly sensitive to the refractive index and temperature
of the environment and that both parameters can be simultaneously determined
using multiple wavelengths.
© 2011 IEEE
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