Abstract
Flip-flop operations of anti-resonant reflecting- optical-waveguide
(ARROW) vertical-cavity semiconductor optical amplifiers (VCSOAs) under the
influence of undesired high-order injection modes are investigated
theoretically. Three types of flip-flop operations, namely: 1) flip-flop
triggered by optical injection, 2) inverse flip-flop triggered by optical
injection, and 3) flip-flop
triggered by injection current, are to be considered in the studies. It is
found that with the presence of ARROW, all three types of optical flip-flop
are insensitive to high-order injection modes, and stable single-mode
flip-flop can be maintained in the operation.
© 2009 IEEE
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