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Optica Publishing Group
  • Journal of Lightwave Technology
  • Vol. 24,
  • Issue 4,
  • pp. 1834-
  • (2006)

Antiresonant Reflecting Optical Waveguide-Type Vertical-Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers: Comparison of Full-Vector Finite-Difference Time-Domain and 3-D Bidirectional Beam Propagation Methods

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Abstract

The cold-cavity modal characteristics of an antiresonant optical waveguide-type cylindrical vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) are investigated through numerical simulations using a three-dimensional (3-D) bidirectional beam propagation method (BD-BPM) and a full-vector axisymmetric finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. Good agreement between the BPM-and FDTD-computed radial mode profiles as well as the mode-dependent radiation losses is obtained. The results of this paper establish the accuracy of the BD-BPM technique for simulating this class of devices and confirm effective-index method predictions that antiresonance conditions for cylindrical geometry devices (i.e., VCSELs) differ from those of planar geometry devices (i.e., edge emitters).

© 2006 IEEE

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